[Bill]

Israel was born out of terrorism. Irgun? Stern Gang?

When the British gave the post WWII Jews their "homeland", the first thing the new inhabitants did was to run off all the indiginous "Palestinians", by any means necessary.

Irgun (around and plying terrorism even before the "new" Israel was created.

The Irgun (Hebrew: ארגון‎), or Irgun Zevai Leumi to give it its full title (from Hebrew: הארגון הצבאי הלאומי בארץ ישראל‎, "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel"), was a Zionist paramilitary group that operated in Mandate Palestine between 1931 and 1948. It was an offshoot of the earlier and larger Jewish paramilitary organization haHaganah (Hebrew: "The Defense", ההגנה). When the group broke from the Haganah it became known as the Haganah Bet (Hebrew: literally "Defense 'B' " or "Second Defense", הגנה ב), or alternatively as haHaganah haLeumit (ההגנה הלאומית) or Ha'ma'amad (המעמד‎).[1] Irgun members were absorbed into the Israel Defence Forces at the start of the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. The Irgun is also referred to as Etzel (אצ"ל), an acronym of the Hebrew initials, or by the abbreviation IZL.

The Irgun policy was based on what was then called Revisionist Zionism founded by Ze'ev Jabotinsky. According to Howard Sachar, "The policy of the new organization was based squarely on Jabotinsky's teachings: every Jew had the right to enter Palestine; only active retaliation would deter the Arabs; only Jewish armed force would ensure the Jewish state".[2]

Two of the operations for which the Irgun is best known are the bombing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem on 22 July 1946 and the Deir Yassin massacre, carried out together with Lehi on 9 April 1948.

The Irgun has been viewed as a terrorist organization or organization which carried out terrorist acts.[3]

The Irgun was a political predecessor to Israel's right-wing Herut (or "Freedom") party, which led to today's Likud party.[4] Likud has led or been part of most Israeli governments since 1977.


List of Irgun attacks 1937-1948



Date

Casualties

References




1937, March

2 Arabs killed on Bat-Yam beach.

[12]



1937, November 14

10 Arabs killed by Irgun units launching attacks around Jerusalem, ("Black Sunday")

[13][14]



1938, April 12

2 Arabs and 2 British policemen were killed by a bomb in a train in Haifa.

[14]



1938, April 17

1 Arab was killed by a bomb detonated in a cafe in Haifa

[14]



1938, May 17

1 Arab policeman was killed in an attack on a bus in the Jerusalem-Hebron road.

[14]



1938, May 24

3 Arabs were shot and killed in Haifa.

[14]



1938, June 23

2 Arabs were killed near Tel-Aviv.

[14]



1938, June 26

7 Arabs were killed by a bomb in Jaffa.

[14]



1938, June 27

1 Arab was killed in the yard of a hospital in Haifa.

[14]



1938, June (late)

Unspecified number of Arabs killed by a bomb that was thrown into a crowded Arab market place in Jerusalem.

[15]



1938, July 5

7 Arabs were killed in several shooting attacks in Tel-Aviv.

[14]



1938, July 5

3 Arabs were killed by a bomb detonated in a bus in Jerusalem.

[14]



1938, July 5

1 Arab was killed in another attack in Jerusalem.

[14]



1938, July 6

18 Arabs and 5 Jews were killed by two simultaneous bombs in the Arab melon market in Haifa. More than 60 people were wounded.

[14][16][17]



1938, July 8

4 Arabs were killed by a bomb in Jerusalem.

[14]



1938, July 16

10 Arabs were killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Jerusalem.

[14]



1938, July 25

43 Arabs were killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Haifa.

[14][18]



1938, August 26

24 Arabs were killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Jaffa.

[14]



1939, February 27

33 Arabs were killed in multiple attacks, incl. 24 by bomb in Arab market in Suk Quarter of Haifa and 4 by bomb in Arab vegetable market in Jerusalem.

[19]



1939, May 29

5 Arabs were killed by a mine detonated at the Rex cinema in Jerusalem.

[14]



1939, May 29

5 Arabs were shot and killed during a raid on the village of Biyar 'Adas.

[14]



1939, June 2

5 Arabs were killed by a bomb at the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem.

[14][20]



1939, June 12

1 British bomb expert trying to defuse the bombs killed, during a post office in Jerusalem was bombing

[14]



1939, June 16

6 Arabs were killed in several attacks in Jerusalem.

[14]



1939, June 19

20 Arabs were killed by explosives mounted on a donkey at a marketplace in Haifa.

[14][21]



1939, June 29

13 Arabs were killed in several shooting attacks around Jaffa during a one-hour period.

[14][22]



1939, June 30

1 Arab was killed at a marketplace in Jerusalem.

[14]



1939, June 30

2 Arabs were shot and killed in Lifta.

[14]



1939, July 3

1 Arab was killed by a bomb at a marketplace in Haifa.

[14][23]



1939, July 4

2 Arabs were killed in two attacks in Jerusalem.

[14]



1939, July 20

1 Arab was killed at a train station in Jaffa.

[14]



1939, July 20

6 Arabs were killed in several attacks in Tel-Aviv.

[14]



1939, July 20

3 Arabs were killed in Rehovot.

[14]



1939, August 27

2 British officers were killed by a mine in Jerusalem.

[14]



1944, September 27

Unknown number of casualties, around 150 Irgun members attacked four British police stations

[24]



1944, September 29

1 Senior British police officer of the Criminal Intelligence Department assassinated in Jerusalem.

[24]



1945, November 1

5 locomotives destroyed in Lydda station. Two staff, one soldier and one policeman killed.

[25]



1945, December 27

3 British policemen and 4 Basuto soldiers killed during the bombing of British CID headquarters in Jerusalem; 1 British soldier killed during attack of British army camp in north Tel Aviv

[26][27]



1946, February 22

Destroyed 14 aeroplanes at 5 RAF stations.

[28]



1946, July 22

91 people were killed at King David Hotel Bombing mostly civilians, staff of the hotel or Secretariat,
41 Palestinian Arabs, 15-28 British citizens, 17 Palestinian Jews, 2 Armenians, 1 Russian, 1 Greek and 1 Egyptian.

[29][30][31]



1946, October 30

2 British guards killed during Gunfire and explosion at Jerusalem Railway Station.

[32]



1946, October 31

Bombing of the British Embassy in Rome. Nearly half the building was destroyed and 3 people were injured.

[33]



1947, January 12

4 killed in bombing of British headquarters.

[34]



1947, March 1

17 British officers killed, during raid and explosion.

[35]



1947, March 12

1 British soldier killed during the attack on Schneller Camp.

[35]



1947, July 19

4 locations within Haifa are attacked, killing a British constable and injuring 12.

[36]



1947, July 29

2 kidnapped British sergeants hanged.

[37]



1947, September 26

4 British policemen killed in Irgun bank robbery.

[34]



1947, September 29

13 killed, 53 wounded in attack on British police station.

[34]



1947, December 11

13 killed in attack on Tireh, near Haifa

[38]



1947, December 12

20 killed, 5 wounded by barrel bomb at Damascus Gate.

[39]



1947, December 13

6 killed, 25 wounded by bombs outside Alhambra Cinema.

[40]



1947, December 13

5 killed, 47 wounded by two bombs at Damascus Gate.

[40]



1947, December 13

7 killed, 10 seriously injured in attack on Yehudiya.

[40]



1947, December 16(ca)

10 killed by bomb at Noga Cinema in Jaffa.

[41]



1947, December 29

14 Arabs killed by bomb in Jerusalem.

[34][42]



1947, December 30

6 Arabs killed and, 42 injured by grenades at Haifa refinery, precipitating the Haifa Oil Refinery massacre, which lead to the Balad al-Shaykh massacre.

[43]



1948, January 1

2 Arabs killed and 9 injured by shooting attack on cafe in Jaffa.

[44]



1948, January 5

14 Arabs killed and 19 injured by truck bomb outside the 3-storey 'Serrani', Jaffa's built Ottoman Town Hall

[45]



1948, January 7

20 Arabs killed by bomb at Jaffa Gate.

[46][47]



1948, February 10

7 Arabs killed near Ras el Ain after selling cows in Tel Aviv

[48]



1948, February 18

12 Arabs killed and 43 wounded at a marketplace in Ramla

[49]



1948, March 1

20 Britons killed and 30 wounded in the Bevingrad Officers Club bombing

[50]



1948, April 9-April 11

107-120 Palestinians killed and massacred (the estimate generally accepted by scholars, instead the first announced number of 254) during and after the battle at the village of Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, by 132 Irgun and 60 Lehi fighters.

[51][52][53][54][55]



1948, April 6

7 British soldiers, including Commanding Officer, killed during an arms raid on Pardes Hanna Army camp.
Stern Gang

Stern Gang, also called Stern Group or Lehi, formally Loḥamei Ḥerut Yisraʾel (Hebrew: “Fighters for the Freedom of Israel”), Zionist extremist organization in Palestine, founded in 1940 by Avraham Stern (1907–42) after a split in the right-wing underground movement Irgun Zvai Leumi.

Extremely anti-British, the group repeatedly attacked British personnel in Palestine and even invited aid from the Axis powers. The British police retaliated by killing Stern in his apartment in February 1942; many of the gang’s leaders were subsequently arrested. The group’s terrorist activities extended beyond Palestine: two members assassinated Lord Moyne, British minister of state in the Middle East, at Cairo (November 1944). Later the Stern Gang attacked airfields, railway yards, and other strategic installations in Palestine, usually with success, though at heavy loss in members killed or captured. After the creation of the state of Israel (1948), the group, which had always been condemned by moderate leaders of the Jewish community in Palestine, was suppressed, some of its units being incorporated in the Israeli defense forces. Unlike the Irgun Zvai Leumi, a precursor of the Ḥerut (“Freedom”) Party, the Stern Gang left no political party to carry on its political programs.


(sourced from Encyclopedia Britannica and Wiki)